PERMANENT MAGNETS: IT’S APPLICATION IN ELECTROTECHNICAL INDUSTRY AND WASTE TREATMENT FROM MINING AND OTHER ENTERPRISES

Abstract

Permanent magnets are environmentally friendly, "cold", energy sources with ability to maintain magnetization for a long time. They are often exceeding the electromagnetic energy sources by the magnetic field level, what causes their wide range of applications.

The article considers the application of permanent magnets in the electrotechnical industry, in particular in high-speed electrical machines; industrial robots; as well as in treatment facilities of waste from mining, such as magnetite and weakly magnetized ores, oxidized iron-containing, ilmenite, manganese, etc.

Comparison of machines with various designs on the basis of magnetic systems research and taking into account the optimal design was performed.

On the example of the situation in Ukraine, it is shown that in dumps of rocks that do not have industrial value under the traditional approach to processing, indicators that meet the requirements of metallurgical enterprises can be achieved by using magnetic enrichment technology. To solve such problems, the following works were performed:

- the magnetic field in a serial drum separator was investigated and the possibility of increasing its level by using a magnetic "backing";

- the magnetic block for the serial drum separator system is developed, which allows to reduce the consumption of expensive NdFeB magnets by two times with the maintaining of the high magnetic parameters;

- the expediency of the magnetic system design of the drum separator in which the alternation of the polarity of the magnetic blocks occurs along the axis of the system was proved;

- based on the results of the of the magnetic field investigation with a change in the magnetic system geometric parameters and the dependence of the induction on the separating layer, the expediency of the roller separator is shown;

- the separator's roll optimum geometrical ratios are determined (on the basis of the results of weakly magnetic ores separation in a different roll rotational speeds).

The use of permanent magnets in devices used for more than 30 industries is shown. It is established that one of the key tasks in the use of permanent magnets in separating devices is the investigation of three-dimensional magnetic fields to obtain a dependence of the field penetration depth into the separating layer or separation region.